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No. 752,311. PATENTED FEB. v16, 1904. A. STUCKI. METALLIC GAR. APPLIUATIONTILED SEPT. 1o, 1903. No MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1 o anhu Q1.

W/TNESSES. 'd 4S No. 752,31. PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904. A. STUCK.

METALLIC CAR..

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. l0, 1903` N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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A. SIUGKI. METALLIC GAR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

PATBNTED PEB. 16,l 1904.

A. STGKI. METALLIC UAR.l APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10, 1903.l

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

[NLE-V701@ FIG.4

VHN/555155;

UNITED Srrfrns` PATENTV i Patented February-16,1904.:-

ARNOLD sTUcKL'oF ALLEGMNY, PENivsYLvAMA, `Assmann; .fro @Anp- ARD STEEL CAR C0., OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AEQRPO or PENNsYLvANIn.

srncrrzcn'rion formingpart of Letters Pai-,eat No. 752,311, aan@.reafirmar11s,'1904.y :e Application filed September-10, m03.Y Serial No. 172,597. (No model.) 'i i such cars that the upper edges of the metallic sides are prevented from bulging or swinging outwardly, so that the car sides will always be held ina substantially verticalplane and their full carrying capacity-thus made effective.

In all prior gondola and hopper car constructions wherein the sides of the car are formed as plate-girders to carry a portion or all of th'load the car sides`^have been connected to the floor-plates and transverse floorsupports in such a manner that the fastenings would not withstand the force of the load pressing from the inside or' the car, this pressure having a strong tendency to push or bulge the top edges of the sides outwardly,y

the constructionY being suchthat the stakes had a very insecure fastening at their lower ends tothe floor and floor-supports, so that the top angles of the car sides were allowed to give or yield. Furthermore, this Voutward pressure is considerably` augmentedby the centrifugal force which is present whenthe car passes curves at high speed. As soonV as the top edges of the car sides bulge outwardly improve gondola and hopper car construe? t1ons whereby thls defect 1n prior cars 1s overcome; and to this yend the improvement consists in bending the lower ends of the'vertical stakes inwardly and connecting the same securely to the transverse licor-supports, tran-v and soms, or bols ters,

in the'case of hoppen METALLic' Q55.

cars by also extendingthe 4stalk-esIwlfiich.aree? y"5'5" mostly to' the bottorn'pof the outsidefhopper-l opposite the hoppers downwardly`-entirely o rl sheets and securing thern thereto, rso that the licor-platesA will act to stien o'robracetha?v lower ends of these stakes, thus -actingto pre-.1f 1' vent the Vupper ends thereof from. bulgings outwardly and also incidentallyfstilieningthe. vg),

outside hopper-sheets In the accompanying drawings',- isf I a planv view of one v.half'of the can' with thef'V 1 A floor removed and the'sides in section/ 2 is a side viewof one half` of'a twin-hopper' jv gondola car constructed accordingto my inf?" vention. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinalsecf tion through the other half thereoi'i Fig; 4

on its left-hand portion is a transverse sect-ionon the line 4 4, Fig. 1,' and on its right-.limiti1v'v portion on the vline 4*, Fig. '1; and Fig.,.5 4 on its left-hand portion is a transverse section on the line 5 5 Fig. l, and Aon its ri, 5;ht,liand`A portion a similar section on the linef 5h, Fig. l.

flfhe car shown is provided with centersills,"

but no side sills, the car sides being plate-gird-v ers and serving not only Hto coniinelthe 'ladf'f' ing, but also to Acarry a considerable portionof the load. The centersill. may lhe of'various constructions, being shownl as cornposedof two channel-beams l, placed with their flanges f ,projecting outwardly, although Vvthis is not essential, These center sillsextend'toward the car v ends beyond the body-holsters 3 and have spliced thereto, the draftibearns 4, which.: l

extend 'outwardly andare secured to the ends' of the car. 1

- The body-bolster may be of any preferred f type, ythat shown Vin the drawings being coin- 85' `posed of two web filling-pieces 5 fon eachfsidel of the' center sills', crosslbraces ,interposedj between the center sills, land atop cover-plate 1 7, and abottomlcover-plate; 'Y The-.braces '6" preferably are pressed shapesformed'with angesV on their top, bottoin, ands'ideedgelsf," fj" .the latter anges ser'vingfas afmeanslto secure'' the sama tothe Center-Sinatra@ web nuera 5 also preferably' arel pressed .-membersfprof vided with anges at their top and bottoni*- .sides andl inner ends, the latter'serving asa. i"

t Secure said members to the center Stills? andthe top and Abottom liangesserving lasfconvenientmeansfor securingthereto the J .top and bottom cover-plates.v Twesueh menn-V bers are placed back to back,'as indicated inv li1oc rsupport s 10 and at intervals by the deep V'tr'ansbms .or 'cross-bearers 11. The licor-sup-v ports 10 may be of any suitable flanged shapes, being shown as angle-bars, and are secured to the center sills lby means of angle or knee pieces 12. The cross-bearers 11 are deep trusses comprising top or compression members 13, formed of sections of angle-bar secured to the center sills by means of angle or knee pieces 14 and bottom or tension members 1 5; also preferably of angle-bars bent into the form shown in Fig. 4 and having their middle portions spaced from the center sills by means of the vertical struts 16, which struts are shown as sections of angle-bar riveted to the webs of the center sills and to a connection plate 17, secured to the tension member 15 at its 'middle portion. Preferably two anglebars 15 will be used, as shown, and the connection-plate'17 will be .riveted between the same. .j The ends of the bars'13 and of the tension members 15 are connected by vertical plates 18. Between theA center 'sills in line with the members 13 are transverse braces or umnearing-pieces 19, preferably formed of ctior of angle or channel-bar, suitably secnfed rothecenter sill, as by angle or knee The 'car-body' is composed of the Hoor-plates 20, side plates- 21, end plates 22, and suitable' strengthening and connecting membersuThe car sideswill be formed as plate-girders. Consequently the side plates are strengthened at serving asa vconvenient means for securing to said car sides they Hoor-plates 20, as well as the transverse floor-supports and cross-bearers or transoms.

' hevertical stiiening members or stakes of the car are preferably formed from sections of anged bars and may be either angle-bars, channel-bars,T-bars,bulb-angles,deckbeams,

or channel-bars pressedflinto U shape. These stakes form the vertical lstiifeners 'of the car sides, thus converting the latter into plategirders, and in order to hold the car sides in a j` verticalpo'sition against the tendency for the same-to bulge outwardly the lower ends of necessary.

said stakes are bent inwardly-and secured firmly to the transverse members of the oarf i underframe; Opposite the bodyholsters are shown channel-shaped stakes 26, having their lower ends 27 bent inwardly and riveted to the :iianges on the lower edge of the body-bolster. Opposite the transverse floor-supports '10 the stakes are of lighter construction, preferably being angle-bars 28, and these'have their lower ends bent,y inwardly, as at 29, and

riveted-iirmly to the depending` legor web of cannot bulge outwardly without bending the 'l stakes, the connections shown being such that they will not yield or give. As these stakes have flanges or portions at right angles to the Acar sides, which lianges or portions are bent and extend inwardly, it is practically impossible to bend said stakes by the outward thrust of'ordinary loads. As a consequence the car sides will be held in substantially vertical planes'and the 4t'ull carrying capacity thereof utilized.

In the case of hopper-cars it is the common practice tol have the outer" hoppersheets formed asextensions of the car sides, this construction being shown in the drawings, where the outer hopper-sheets 35 are riveted to the depending flange of an angle-bar 36, whose horizontal iange is riveted to the lower liange of the tension angle-bar 24. ln prior gondola cars of this type the practice has been to have the stakes 37, which are opposite these hopper-sheets, extend down only to the lower edge of the side plates, and as the floor-plates at the hoppers are inclined downwardly, as shown at 38, thevertical stakes 37 had no support what soever other than their connection to the side plates, and consequently offered no resistance to the tendency of the load to bulge the top edge of the side outwardly. In my construction these stakes 37 are extended .downwardly practically to the lower edges of' the outside thereto. As a consequence the lower ends or' these `stakes are braced by means of the transverse Hoor-plates '38,' so that the upper ends o said stakes will not bulge outwardly.

The inside hopper-sheets are Ashown at 41, the doors at 42, the door-operating mechanism at 43. All of these parts are or may be of' the usual construction, and as no claims are made thereon detailed description is un- The car shown has noend sill as such, but

instead thereof the end plates 22 are provided with .lianges ,4.4 at their lower edges, thus strengthening the same and enabling said plates to perform the usual function of an end sill in additionto their functionof confining the lading. At the-central portion a pressed hood 45 is secured'to the end plates and servesl as a supportffor the outer ends of the draftfl beams. This end construction, however, is not new with me, and as no claims are made therefor detailed description 'is thought-notto be necessary. rEhe drawings also show 'ther udetails-of. the car construction; but as none of them form any part of the present invention they are not described.

What I claim isl. In a railway-car, the combination ofthe sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to the Hoor-supports.

2. In a railway-car, the combination of a center sill, body-holsters, .plate-girder combinedsides and side sills supported bysaid body-bolsters, a floor, transverse floor-supports, and vertical stiifening members secured to the ca r sides and provided with a portion extending outwardly from the car sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly andv secured to the floor-supports.

3. In a railway-car, the combination of the bod y-bolsters, plate-girder combined sides and side sills supported by said body-holsters, a iioor, transverse floor -.suppor ts formed Aof ianged bars, `and vertical stiening members secured to the car sides and provided with a portion extending outwardly from the car sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to the webs of the`iloorsupports.

4. In a railway-car, the `combination of body-bolsters, plate-girder combined sid es and sido sills supported by said body-bolsteis cross-bearers or transoms, and vertical stiffenv .ing members secured to the car sides and provided with a portion extending outwardly from the car sides and having their lower -cnds bent inwardly and secured to the ends of" said cross-bearers. ln a railway-car, the combinationof va center sill, body-holsters, plate-girder com:`

bined sides and side sills supportedv by lsaid body-holsters, transverse bearers or transoms extending across the car and connecting theoonter sill and car sides, 4and vertical stiifen,

ing members sc curod to the car sides andprovided with a. portion extending outward-ly from the cnr sides and lhaving their ends bent vinwzm l ly and secured to the ends of `said cross-V lwal'ors.

f3. ln a railway-car, the combination of. bm I v-l iolstcrs, platc-girder combined sides and sido sills supported :by `saidibodybolsters,

sheets. f

cross-'bearers or transoms extending from side to side of the car, said cross-bearers being composed of tension and compression members and an interposed strut, and vertical stifening members' secured to the car sides' land having their ends bent 'inwardly andsecured to the ends of said crossebearers.

7 In a railway-car, the combination of the body-holsters, plate-girder combined sides and,

side sills supported by said body-holsters, and vertical stidening members secured-to said car sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured -to said body-holsters.

8. In a railway-car, the combination of body-bolstersv provided with bottom iianges,

of combined sides and side sills supported by said body-bolsters, andjvertical stakes having their lower ends bent inwardly and*k secured to the lowerl ange's of Vsaid body-holsters. 4 9. In a railway-car, the combination of the body-holsters, aoor, transverse iioor-sup-l ports therefor, vertical stakes opposite the ends of said floor-supports and having their lower ends bent inwardly `and secured to said floor-supports, and other vertical stakes oppo site the body-holsters and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to the bodybolsters. v Y

lO. In a railwayfcar, the-combination of the body-holsters, of combined sides and side sills supported by said body-holsters, a licor, transverse oor-supports, vertical stifening members secured tothe car sides and having their I lower ends bent 'inwardly'and' secured to the transverse iioor supports, cross bearers e or transoms Y extending. from side to side of the car, and vertical stiifening members secured to A the car sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to said cross-bearers.`

11; In a railway-car, the combination of 'body-holsters, combined sidesy and' side sills supported by said body-bolsters, a door, transverse ioor supports, cross bearers or Vdiaphragms extending from side to side of the car, and vertical stiening members opposite said holsters, floor-supports and cross-bearers, said vertical stiffening members being secured to, the car sides and having their lower endsl bent inwardly and secured to the outer ends of the body-holsters, floor-supports and cross-v bearers. 'v

, 12. Ina railway-car, the combinationof the body-holsters, plate-girder combined sides and side sills secured thereto andhaving top and bottom chords, hopperfsheets extending downwardlyjfromsaid car sides, a floor-secured to `said hopper sheets, and vertical stifening :members secured tothe car'sides and-extendingdownwardly and secured to the hopper- 13; YIn a railwaycartliedombination of the body-holsters,combinedsides and side sills seeted Vto the lower .edge of said car sideahopf persheets riveted to thedepending member iro cured to said body-bolsteraa flanged bar rivhopper-sheets, and vertical sti'eningmembers secured to the car sides and having their lower ends extended downwardly and bent inwardly and secured to said hopper-sheets.

14. In a railway-car, the combination of the body -'bolsters, combined sides and sidesills y supported by said body bolsters, hoppersheets extending downwardly from said car sides, a ioor, transverse floor-supports, vertical stiffening members secured to the car sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to said Hoor-supports, and other vertical stifenng members secured to the car sides and h-aving their lower ends extending downwardly and riveted to the hopper-sheets.

l5'. Ina railway-car, the combination of the body-bolsters, combined sides'and side sills supported by said body-bolsters, vertical stiff#- ening members secured to the car. sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to said body-bolsters, hopper-sheets extending downwardly from the car sides, iioorplates secured to said hopper-sheets, and vertical stitfening members secured to the 'car rmaan sides and havingl their lower ends extending downwardly and secred to the hopper-sheets. 16 In a railway-car, the combinationof the body-fbolsters, combined sides and side sills tending froIn side to side of the car, vertical4 stiffen'ing'members secured to theca'r sides and having their lower ends bent inwardly and secured to said cross-bearers; hopper-sheets ex tending downwardly from thecar sides, floorplates secured to saidhopper-sheets, and vertical 'stiffening members secured to the car sides and having their lower ends extending downwardly and secured to said hopper-sheets.

In testimony whereof I, the said ARNOLD STUCKI, have hereunto set my hand.

ARNOLD s'rUoKI. Witnesses:

ROBERT C. TOTTEN, J. R.-KELLER. 

